Wildfire refers to any large outdoor fire that occurs in a wildland setting, often spreading into communities with structures and other human development. Wildfires can be caused by natural or human actions and have a wide range of impacts on the environment and on human health.
The fire risk in a wildland setting depends on the physical properties of the land, the combustible material present, and the weather conditions. Drought, heat, and wind can increase the danger by drying out timber or other fuels, making them easier to ignite. Topography can also influence the difficulty in fighting the fire, causing it to spread rapidly through steep or rugged terrain.
Fire is the effect of a chemical reaction between oxygen in the air and some type of fuel — usually wood or other plant material — that has reached its flash point, or the temperature at which it ignites. Firefighters try to reduce the size of a fire by suppressing it with water and other means, such as controlled burns.
The smoke from wildfires can irritate sensitive respiratory, circulatory, and ocular systems. Those who live in wildfire-prone areas should follow local and state regulations on the disposal of yard debris. It is best to dispose of debris only during dry, cool conditions when the risk of a wildfire is low. Children should not help with cleanup and should be kept away from areas contaminated with soot, ash, or other residues.